Philip iii, 15781621, king of spain, naples, and sicily 15981621 and, as philip ii, king of portugal 15981621. A splendid biography of philip ii, ruler of spain and the worlds greatest empire. Excerpt from philip ii of spain in the following work it has been the authors intention, as the most general glance over its pages will discover to the reader, not to present a minute chronicle in regular narrative of the events of philip s reign, but in a certain way a philosophical retrospect of what was most memorable in spain during that period as it was shaped by the controlling mind at. There were several attempts by protestant to overthrow mary.
Based heavily on extensive research in primary sources and a cache of previously unknown documents. Carlos, charles laurence philip ii of spain, diego, ferdinand, infanta catherine michelle of spain, isabella clara eugenia, marie of spain, philip iii of spain, prince of asturias. No less remarkable than parkers mastery of voluminous spanish archives is his use of philip s rule to illuminate the broader problems of grand strategy, including. Identified with repression, bigotry, and fanaticism by his enemies, he has been judged more by the political events of his reign than by his person. The eighty years war or dutch war of independence 15681648 was a revolt of the seventeen provinces against the political and religious hegemony of philip ii of spain, the sovereign of the habsburg netherlands.
Philip ii of spain, consort of mary i 21 may 1527 september 1598 philip ii of spain was the only son of the habsburg emperor charles v and his cousin isabella of portugal and was born in the spanish capital of valladolid on 21 may 1527. Philip ii of spainruler of the most extensive empire the world had ever known has been. Filipe i may 21, 1527 september, 1598 was king of spain from 1556 until 1598, king of naples from 1554 until 1598, king consort of england as husband of mary i from 1554 to 1558, lord of the seventeen provinces holding various titles for the individual territories, such as duke or count from 1556 until 1581, king of portugal. His empire in europe, now without the imperial title, was still only a loose union of independent states recognizing the same head. From 1556 until his death in 1598, philip ii of spain ruled the first global empire in.
Free kindle book and epub digitized and proofread by project gutenberg. He was lord of the seventeen provinces from 1556 until 1581. He was born in valladolid, and was the only son of holy roman emperor charles v and his wife to live until he was an adult. The first wife of philip ii of spain was his cousin maria of portugal in 1543. He married mary of portugal in 1543 but she died giving birth to to their son don carlos. Check out this biography to know about his childhood, family life, achievements and fun facts about his life. Leader of millions, he was a solitary and reclusive man who avoided contact with most people. Childless hapsburg charles ii names bourbon philip of anjou as heir outcome. Podcast for kids nfb radio 101 sermon podcast pauping off all steak no sizzle podcast church of the oranges daily chapel spring 2012. In short, highly readable chapters, the author examines philip s youth and education for his future role. Shedding completely new light on most aspects of philips private life and, in consequence, on his public actions, this book is the definitive portrayal of philip ii.
Spain 14741598 explores key themes including the unification of spain and the domestic and foreign policies of each of the monarchs, ferdinand and isabella, charles v and philip ii. Deeply religious and committed to the catholic cause, he was also shockingly violent and ruthless toward his enemies. Philips foreign policy went from grand successes, such as defeating the turks at lepanto, to humiliating defeats as happened in 1588 with the failure of the spanish armada. Philip was the son of charles vthe reigning holy roman emperorand isabella of portugal. Philip ii of spain, patron of the arts rosemarie mulcahy. The halfsister of philip of spain became a regent in philip s absence due to his trip back to spain. Champion of the roman catholic counterreformation, philip ii was king of spain from 1556 to 1598. Philip had two sisters with whom he was close, joanna and maria of austria. William of orange an exile in germany, he emerged as the leader of a broad movement for the netherlands independence from spain. The peace of westphalia and sovereignty western civilization.
Philip ii of spain, ruler of the most extensive empire the world had ever known, has been viewed in a harsh and negative light since his death in 1598. He was as pious as his father, but lacked his intelligence and capacity for work. There was the failure to prevent foreign intelligence, the failure of. The wives of king philip ii of spain king philip ii of spain had four wives. He was the son of the emperor charles v, and of his wife isabella of portugal, who were first cousins. Ruler of the most formidable power in europe during the 1500s, king philip ii of spain played a major role in world affairs and in the development of englands foreign policy during the elizabethan era, the period associated with the reign of queen elizabeth i 15581603 that is.
When charles abdicated his various lands 155556, philip ii 155698 succeeded to all his fathers dominions except germany. With the heart of a king and millions of other books are available for amazon. About the author henry kamen has been professor of the higher council for scientific research in barcelona since 1993. In 1543 he married mary of portugal but she died in 1546 giving birth to their son, don carlos. Mar 17, 2015 philip iis foreign policy was to affect much of europe. As a child, philip sometimes received secret memoranda from his father reminding him of the responsibility he bore as his fathers successor and warning him to be wary of advisers. Philip was a devout catholic and took personal responsibility for his actions, but his devotion to the counterreformation was to ensure that regardless of how many victories spains forces would win the country would be constantly drained of resources in the hapsburgs futile attempt to turn back the clock on religion. List of books and articles about philip ii of spain online. Philip iis foreign policy was to affect much of europe. Spain the first global empire was bested by mother nature and a considerably smaller. The spanish king philip ii 15271598 remains one of the most controversial monarchs of the. Parkers highly detailed but also immensely readable book has come far closer. Both his domestic and foreign policies largely resulted in diminishing spanish prestige.
He was a handsome fellow who was used to having his pick of europes most attractive women. Philip developed a system of regional selfgovernment with viceroys answering to him and. King of spain 155698, king of portugal 158198, as philip i, portuguese. Oct 20, 2015 free kindle book and epub digitized and proofread by project gutenberg. Philip ii of spain simple english wikipedia, the free. The first wife of philip ii of spain was his cousin maria of portugal in 1543 in 1545 their son, don carlos 15451568, was born the second wife of philip ii of spain was mary i of england in 1554 philip and mary had no children the third wife of philip ii of spain was elizabeth of valois, daughter of henry ii of france, in 1559. He was king of spain, portugal, naples, sicily, sardinia, and england and ireland because of his marriage with mary i. Philip ruled over one of the worlds largest empires. The policies adopted by philip hastened the decline of spain.
Philips foreign policy went from grand successes, such as defeating the turks at lepanto, to humiliating defeats as happened in 1588 with the failure of. The author expertly guides his reader through the strategic complexities that weighed upon philip ii, the conscientious, cold, and pious ruler of the greatest empire of his time. This represented the contemporary view of philip s foreign policy, especially that held by his enemies, very well. Philip of spain by henry kamen meet your next favorite book. Overall, philip ii had created a golden age for art, as well as literature, that continued through the 16th and 17th centuries. King philip ii reigned over spain from 15541598 and this coincided with the peak of spanish greatness. During the fortytwo years of his reign 155698 through widespread patronage and persistent guidance he transformed the arts in spain, then largely. Filipe i, king of naples and sicily both from 1554, and jure uxoris king of england and ireland during his marriage to queen mary i from 1554 to 1558. Philip, the only son of emperor charles v, was born in valladolid in 1527.
The historical image of philip ii at the end of the twentieth. List of books and articles about philip ii of spain. When phillip married mary the marriage was unpopular the the english to the english people. History of the reign of philip the second king of spain by. He was also, as philip ii, king of portugal, naples, sicily and sardinia and duke of milan from 1598 until his death in 1621. European war and diplomacy in the age of philip ii 15591598 70 books 14 voters more lists with this book. Philip ii of spain ruler of the most extensive empire the world had ever knownhas been viewed in a harsh and negative light since his death in 1598. His rule was filled with troubles that caused him to be harsh on his people and other.
Philip ii of spain biography facts, childhood, life. Mary i tudor on 25 jul 1554 in london, greater london, england 1840. During the fortytwo years of his reign 155698 through widespread patronage and persistent guidance he transformed the arts in spain, then largely provincial, into the international and modern. The foreign policy of king philip ii of spain the king of spain, wrote pope sixtus v in 1589, is anxious above all to safeguard and to increase his dominions. If you know the answer to this question, please register to join our limited beta program and start the conversation right now. I looked up a few things since my tree gave hints for this as well. Philip ii, king of spain 155698 and portugal 158098 who was a champion of the roman catholic counterreformation. Domestic affairs although philip officially became king in 1556, after his father abdicated all of his thrones and retired, he had been left in charge of spain years earlier as charles regent in. During his reign the spanish empire attained its greatest power and widest geographical extent but also suffered setbacks in its relations with. Aside from draining state revenues for failed overseas adventurism, the domestic policies of philip ii further burdened spain, that would, in the following century, contribute to its decline. Philip ii of spainruler of the most extensive empire the world had ever knownhas been viewed in a harsh and negative light since his death in 1598. In many senses philip ii had too many responsibilities and not enough financial clout to respond to his foreign problems. Philip the only son of charles v the emporer was born in valladolid in 1527. Philip ii of spain could be forgiven for feeling rather depressed when he first set eyes on his bridetobe, his aunt mary tudor, queen of england, shortly before their wedding in 1554.
Philip ii of spain books meet your next favorite book. Philip ii of spain david kim philip cho slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The first wife of philip ii of spain was his cousin maria of portugal in 1543 in 1545 their son, don carlos 15451568, was born the second wife of philip ii of spain was mary i of england in 1554 philip and mary had no children the third wife of philip ii of spain was elizabeth of valois, daughter of henry ii. The grand strategy of philip ii is a book for everyone from the keenest. Philip ii of spain, the most powerful monarch in sixteenthcentury europe and a. Philip ii, king of spain, was a study in contrasts. Philip ii of spain to fully answer this question it is necessary to truly evaluate each of his policies with dealing his enemies and compatriots both foreign and domestic throughout his reign. Philip ii was born on may 21, 1527, in valladolid, spain. This represented the contemporary view of philips foreign policy, especially that held by his enemies, very well. The image of philip ii 152798 as stern and assiduous defender of his political inheritance and of the catholic faith is tempered and enriched by the image of patron and collector of art. For one, far too much power was concentrated in philips hands. During his reign the spanish empire attained its greatest power, extent, and influence, though he failed to suppress. Philip, a great traditionalist, was not the man to inspire his different subjects with a new unifying. Philip ii is not only the most famous king in spanish history, but one of the most.
After the initial stages, philip ii deployed his armies and regained control over most of the rebelling provinces. Philip ii of spain may 21, 1527 september, 1598 was, starting in 1556, king of spain, and burgundy, the netherlands, naples, sicily, and overseas spanish america. The halfsister of philip of spain became a regent in philips absence due to his trip back to spain. This essay will attempt to take each main area of conflict in his life and provide clear indications as to the degree of success that philip achieved.
No less remarkable than parkers mastery of voluminous spanish archives is his use of philips rule to illuminate the broader problems of grand strategy, including. King of spain, who ruled one of the largest empires of all time, including england, portugal, the netherlands. Philip was prepared to succeed charles almost from birth. The machinery of the inquisition set up by philip to arrest the growth of liberal ideas made spain one of the most backward countries of the continent. This book, published four hundred years after philips death, is the first fullscale biography. Treaty of utrecht philip of anjou became philip v of spain, but could never unite spain and france. Nov 19, 2008 philip ii of spain david kim philip cho slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The flow of income from the new world proved vital to his militant foreign policy, but nonetheless his exchequer several times. Philip ii, as head of the government of spain, believed in the divine right of monarchs and used this to justify a number of immoral and illegal acts, such as ordering murders. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
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